भारतीय राज्यघटनेमध्ये दुरुस्ती करण्याच्या प्रक्रियेची सुरुवात खालीलपैकी कोण करते ?
(a) लोकसभा
(b) राज्यसभा
(c) पंतप्रधान
(d) राष्ट्रपती
(e) कायदा मंत्री
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option A ((a) and (b)).

Key Points:
• Procedure for Amendment of the Constitution (Article 368):
• Article 368(2): Explicitly provides that an amendment of this Constitution may be initiated only by the introduction of a Bill for the purpose in either House of Parliament (i.e., Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha).
• No Initiation by State Legislatures or Individuals: A constitutional amendment cannot be initiated in state legislatures, nor by the President, Prime Minister, or executive offices in their personal capacity.
• Key Features of Article 368:
• The bill can be introduced by a minister or a private member.
• It does NOT require prior permission of the President.
• Must be passed in each House by a special majority (majority of total membership + 2/3rd members present and voting).
• There is NO provision for a joint sitting in case of disagreement.
• Key Takeaway: Under Article 368, a Constitutional Amendment Bill can be initiated ONLY in either House of Parliament (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha).