खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ?

The correct answer is Option C (American Supreme Court derives its power of 'Judicial Review' from the Constitution.).

Key Points:
• Judicial Review is the power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of legislative enactments and executive orders.
• Why Statement 3 is INCORRECT: The Constitution of the United States does NOT explicitly grant the power of judicial review to the Supreme Court. The American Supreme Court established this power through judicial interpretation in the famous landmark case Marbury v. Madison (1803) delivered by Chief Justice John Marshall.
• Statement 1 is correct: The explicit phrase 'Judicial Review' is nowhere used in the text of the Indian Constitution.
• Statement 2 is correct: The Indian Supreme Court derives this power inherently through constitutional provisions such as Articles 13, 32, 131-136, 143, 226, etc.
• Statement 4 is correct: Article 81 of the Japanese Constitution explicitly declares the Supreme Court to be the court of last resort with the power to determine the constitutionality of any law, order, regulation, or official act.
• Key Takeaway: The US Supreme Court derived judicial review through the Marbury v. Madison precedent, not from written constitutional text.