खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान भारतीय संघामध्ये राज्यांच्या निर्मिती बद्दल योग्य आहे?
(a) ते विद्यमान राज्यांतील प्रदेश वेगळे करून केले जाऊ शकते.
(b) ते आणखी दोन राज्ये किंवा राज्यातील भाग एकत्रित करून करता येईल.
(c) नव्या राज्यांची निर्मिती एका सामान्य कायद्याने करता येते.
(d) राज्यांच्या संमती शिवाय संसद राज्यशासित प्रदेश बदलू शकत नाही.
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option B ((a), (b), (c)).

Key Points:
• Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas (Article 3 & 4):
• Article 3 Provisions: Parliament may by law form a new state by:
• (a) Separation of territory from any state, or
• (b) Uniting two or more states or parts of states, or uniting any territory to a part of any state.
• Article 4(2): Clearly states that laws made under Article 2 or 3 are NOT deemed to be constitutional amendments under Article 368. They can be passed by an ordinary legislation (simple majority). Hence statement (c) is correct.
• Statement (d) is INCORRECT: Parliament is NOT bound by the consent of state legislatures. Under Article 3's proviso, the President refers the bill to the state legislature for expressing its views within a specified period, but neither the President nor Parliament is bound by the state legislature's opinion.
• Key Takeaway: Under Article 3 and 4, Parliament can create or alter states by ordinary law (simple majority) without being bound by the state's consent.