राष्ट्रपती राष्ट्रीय आणीबाणी घोषित करू शकतात
अ. फक्त युद्ध अथवा परकीय आक्रमण प्रसंगी.
ब. फक्त सशस्त्र बंड प्रसंगी.
क. फक्त अंतर्गत अशांतता प्रसंगी.
ड. फक्त पंतप्रधानांच्या लेखी सल्ल्यानुसार.
वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

The correct answer is Option A (Only a and b).

Key Points:
• Under Article 352 of the Constitution, the President can proclaim a National Emergency:
• Valid constitutional grounds:
• 1. War or External Aggression (known as 'External Emergency') (Statement a).
• 2. Armed Rebellion (known as 'Internal Emergency') (Statement b).
• Clarifications on incorrect statements:
• 'Internal disturbance' was substituted by 'Armed Rebellion' by the 44ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 because the term was vague and misused in 1975; hence Statement c is invalid.
• Statement d is incorrect because Article 352(3) mandates the written recommendation of the entire Union Cabinet (the Prime Minister and other Ministers of Cabinet rank), NOT just the Prime Minister alone.
• Therefore, only statements a and b are correct.
• Key Takeaway: National Emergency can be proclaimed under Art 352 only on grounds of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion (Cabinet's written advice required).