विधान (A) : राज्यघटनेच्या शिल्पकारांनी संसदेला (म्हणजेच केंद्र शासनास) साध्या पद्धतीने राज्यांची पुनर्रचना करण्याचे अधिकार दिले आहेत.
कारण (R) : भारत सरकार कायद्यांतर्गत प्रांतांची गटवारी ही लोकांच्या सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक किंवा भाषिक विभागणीवर आधारलेली नव्हती तर ऐतिहासिक आणि राजकीय कारणांवर आधारलेली होती.

The correct answer is Option A (Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)).

Key Points:
• Reorganisation of States & Constitutional Intent:
• Assertion (A) is true: Under Articles 3 and 4, Parliament can form new states, alter areas, boundaries, or names of existing states by a simple majority (an ordinary legislative process), symbolizing that the Indian federation is an 'indestructible Union of destructible states'.
• Reason (R) is true: The provincial boundaries inherited from British rule (under various Government of India Acts) were drawn haphazardly due to historical conquests and administrative exigencies, not on rational linguistic, cultural, or social considerations.
• Because of this arbitrary demarcation, the framers realized that internal boundaries would inevitably need frequent rational realignment after independence, requiring a flexible, simple procedure for Parliament.
• Hence, Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
• Key Takeaway: Parliament can reorganise states by simple majority under Article 3 because British-era provincial boundaries were unscientific.