राष्ट्रपतींच्या दयेच्या अधिकाराबाबत खालीलपैकी कोणती विधाने अचूक आहेत ?
(a) दया याचना करणाऱ्या अर्जदाराला राष्ट्रपतींद्वारे मौखिक सुनावणी करण्याचा हक्क आहे.
(b) राष्ट्रपती कोर्ट मार्शल झालेल्या गुन्हेगाराला क्षमा करू शकतात.
(c) राष्ट्रपती या अधिकाराचा वापर केंद्रीय मंत्रीमंडळाच्या सल्ल्याशिवाय करू शकतात.
(d) राष्ट्रपती सर्व पुरावे नव्याने तपासु शकतात आणि न्यायालयापेक्षा वेगळा दृष्टीकोण मांडू शकतात.

The correct answer is Option C ((b) and (d)).

Key Points:
• Article 72: Pardoning Powers of the President:
• The principles laid down by the Supreme Court in the landmark case Kehar Singh v. Union of India (1989) established:
• 1. No Oral Hearing: The petitioner for mercy has no right to an oral hearing by the President (making statement (a) false).
• 2. Court Martial Jurisdiction: Under Article 72(1)(a), the President has exclusive power to grant pardons for sentences awarded by a Court Martial (military court), a power the Governor does not possess under Article 161 (making statement (b) correct).
• 3. Cabinet Advice: The President exercises this power on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers/Cabinet, not independently (making statement (c) false).
• 4. Fresh Appraisal of Evidence: In exercising pardoning power, the President is performing an executive clemency act and can examine the evidence afresh and take a view different from that arrived at by the court (making statement (d) correct).
• Key Takeaway: Under Article 72, the President can pardon Court Martial sentences and re-examine evidence, but no oral hearing is granted.