पुढील दोन विधानांपैकी कोणते योग्य नाही ?
(a) स्वतंत्र भारताचे प्रथम सरकार जवाहरलाल नेहरू यांच्या नेतृत्वाखाली होते. सर्व मंत्री काँग्रेसचे सदस्य होते.
(b) अन्नधान्याची कमतरता सोव्हिएत युनियन व युनायटेड स्टेटस्कडून आयात करून मिटवली गेली.

The correct answer is Option A (Only (a)).

Key Points:
• First Cabinet of Independent India (1947):
• National Coalition Cabinet: Statement (a) is incorrect because Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's first Cabinet of independent India (sworn in on 15th August 1947) was an all-inclusive national cabinet that deliberately included prominent non-Congress leaders.
• Key Non-Congress Ministers: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (Law Minister - Scheduled Castes Federation), Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee (Industry and Supply - Hindu Mahasabha), Shanmukham Chetty (Finance Minister), and C.H. Bhabha (Commerce).
• Food Crises in Early Independence: Due to partition (where fertile canal colonies of Punjab and East Bengal went to Pakistan), India faced severe food grain deficits and imported grain from the USA (under PL-480 later) and the USSR.
• Therefore, statement (a) is incorrect, making Option 1 the right answer.
• Key Takeaway: Nehru's first cabinet in 1947 was a national government comprising prominent non-Congress ministers like Dr. Ambedkar and Dr. S.P. Mookerjee.