1980 नंतर पंजाबमध्ये असंतोष व तणाव निर्माण झाला कारण :
(a) खलिस्तानची मागणी.
(b) रावी व बियासच्या पाण्यावरून राजस्थानशी तंटा.
(c) चंदिगडची पंजाबसाठी मागणी.
(d) अकालींना केंद्रात वरच्या जागांची मागणी.

The correct answer is Option C ((a), (b) and (c) only).

Key Points:
• The political and communal turmoil in Punjab during the late 1970s and 1980s was rooted in political, territorial, and river water disputes encapsulated in the Anandpur Sahib Resolution (1973/1978):
• Demand for Khalistan: Militant extremism led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale advocating a separate Sikh state.
• Ravi-Beas River Water Dispute: Fierce opposition to the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) canal and water allocation to Haryana and Rajasthan.
• Status of Chandigarh: Continuous demand for the exclusive transfer of Chandigarh as Punjab's sole capital.
• Demand for Central cabinet positions was not an objective of the Punjab crisis or Anandpur Sahib charter.
• The crisis culminated in Operation Blue Star (June 1984) and the Rajiv-Longowal Accord (1985).
• Key Takeaway: Punjab unrest factors: Khalistan demand, Ravi-Beas water sharing with Rajasthan/Haryana, and claiming Chandigarh.