'लोकसंख्या विषयक लाभांशा' चा संबंध कशाशी असतो ?
(a) उत्पादक-लोकसंख्या गटाचे प्रमाण वाढण्याशी.
(b) बालक गटाचे प्रमाण कमी होण्याशी.
(c) स्त्री-पुरुष प्रमाण घटण्याशी.
(d) शहरी-लोकसंख्येचे प्रमाण वाढण्याशी.
वरीलपैकी कोणते/कोणती विधान/विधाने बरोबर आहे/आहेत ?

The correct answer is Option A ((a) and (b)).

Key Points:
• Core Concept
• Demographic Dividend refers to accelerated economic growth potential resulting from shifts in a country's population age structure.
• Why Correct
• As fertility rates decline following a demographic transition:
• 1. The share of dependent child population (ages 0–14) decreases - Statement (b) is correct.
• 2. The proportion of working-age, economically productive population (ages 15–64) rises significantly - Statement (a) is correct.
• This sharply reduces the total dependency ratio, channeling national savings into capital formation and productive investment.
• Key Details
• United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) emphasizes that demographic dividend requires quality education and productive employment to yield prosperity.
• Exam Traps
• Urbanization (d) and changes in sex ratio (c) are demographic indicators but do not structurally define the demographic dividend.
• Other Options
• Statements (c) and (d) are unrelated to the definition, eliminating options 2, 3, and 4.
• Key Takeaway: Demographic dividend stems from an increasing working-age population paired with a declining dependent child population.