खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चुकीचे आहे ?

The correct answer is Option C (Judicial activism led to increase in the powers of the legislature.).

Key Points:
• Concepts of Judicial Activism:
• Option 1 is correct: The term 'Judicial Activism' was coined by American historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr. in January 1947 in a *Fortune* magazine article.
• Option 2 is correct: When the executive and legislature suffer from policy paralysis, corruption, or fail to discharge constitutional duties, the judiciary steps in to protect citizens' rights.
• Option 3 is incorrect: Judicial activism curtails legislative and executive arbitrariness and broadens the sphere of the *Judiciary*, not the Legislature. Critics frequently argue that it leads to judicial overreach into legislative domains.
• Option 4 is correct: In India, through PILs and proactive rulings under Article 21/32, judicial activism elevated the stature and prestige of the Supreme Court.
• Key Takeaway: Judicial activism expands judicial reach due to legislative/executive inaction, not legislative power.