आपत्ती व्यवस्थापनाकरिता कोणत्या उपग्रहाचा उपयोग करण्यात येतो ?
(1) जी सेंट (GSAT)
(2) इन्सेंट (INSAT)
(3) अणुसेंट (ANUSAT)
(4) हमसेंट (HAMSAT)

The correct answer is Option B (INSAT).

Key Points:
• Core Concept
• Space-based disaster monitoring integrates Earth observation imagery and real-time geostationary meteorological tracking.
• Why Correct
• The INSAT (Indian National Satellite) system carries dedicated meteorological payloads (VHRR - Very High Resolution Radiometer and CCD cameras) and Distress Alert Transponders (DAT) specifically engineered for:
• 1. Cyclone tracking and storm warning systems along Indian coastal lines
• 2. Real-time meteorological observations and flood warning dissemination
• 3. Disaster Management Support (DMS) programmes of ISRO
• The Cyclone Warning Dissemination System (CWDS) operates directly through INSAT transponders.
• Key Details
• INSAT geostationary orbits provide continuous synoptic views of weather patterns over the Indian Ocean.
• Exam Traps
• While GSAT satellites provide communication bandwidth, the core operational satellite series designated historically and structurally for meteorological warning and disaster tracking is INSAT.
• Other Options
• GSAT (Option 1) focuses on telecommunications and broadcasting.
• ANUSAT (Option 3) was an experimental microsatellite built by Anna University.
• HAMSAT (Option 4) provided amateur radio (HAM) communication services.
• Key Takeaway: INSAT series satellites provide critical meteorological payloads and cyclone warning dissemination for disaster management.