खालील दर्शविलेल्या सिद्धांतापैकी कोणता सिद्धांत प्रार्थना समाजाचा नव्हता ?
a. एकेश्वर निष्ठा
b. धर्मग्रंथ ईश्वर निर्मित नाही
c. राष्ट्रीय पुनरुत्थान
d. पूर्वगौरववादी

The correct answer is Option B (c and d).

Key Points:
• Doctrines of Prarthana Samaj (Est. 31 March 1867, Bombay):
• Founded by Dr. Atmaram Pandurang along with Justice M. G. Ranade, R. G. Bhandarkar, and V. A. Modak, inspired by Keshub Chandra Sen.
• Core Spiritual Principles of Prarthana Samaj:
• 1. Monotheism (Loyalty to one God / एकेश्वरनिष्ठा): God is one, formless creator of the universe.
• 2. Rejection of Infallibility of Scriptures (धर्मग्रंथ ईश्वरनिर्मित नाहीत): No scripture is written or directly created by God; truth must be tested by human reason and conscience.
• 3. Rejection of idol worship and caste discrimination.
• What was NOT part of Prarthana Samaj Doctrines:
• Concepts like militant National Resurrection (राष्ट्रीय पुनरुत्थान) and Past-glorification / Revivalism (पूर्वगौरववादी) were characteristic features of Arya Samaj (Swami Dayanand Saraswati) and radical nationalist schools, not the moderate, devotional Prarthana Samaj.
• Hence, statements (c) and (d) were NOT doctrines of Prarthana Samaj.
• Key Takeaway: Prarthana Samaj advocated Monotheism and rejected infallible divine scriptures, but did not adopt Revivalism or Past-glorification.