भारत सरकारने 1991 मध्ये नवीन औद्योगिक धोरण कोणत्या हेतूने स्विकारले ?
अ. तोटयात आलेल्या उद्योगांचे खाजगीक्षेत्राकडे हस्तांतरण.
ब. प्रत्यक्ष विदेशी गुंतवणुकीस चालना देणे.
क. सार्वजनिक क्षेत्राची गुणवत्ता वाढविणे.
ड. परवाना पद्धतीवर नियंत्रण ठेवणे.
वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

The correct answer is Option C (a, b and c).

Key Points:
• The New Industrial Policy (NIP) was announced on July 24, 1991 by Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao and Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh against the backdrop of a severe balance of payments crisis.
• Core Objectives of NIP 1991:
• Statement (a) is correct: To address public sector inefficiency, loss-making non-strategic public sector units (PSUs) were targeted for disinvestment and transfer of management/ownership to the private sector via disinvestment and referral of sick units to BIFR (Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction).
• Statement (b) is correct: Automatic approval for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) up to 51% in 34 high-priority industries was introduced to facilitate foreign capital and technology inflow.
• Statement (c) is correct: Enhancing public sector performance through increased managerial autonomy, competitive restructuring, and the introduction of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) system.
• Examiner Trap regarding Statement (d):
• The policy did not seek to simply "control" or manage the licensing system—it sought delicensing (industrial deregulation) to dismantle the notorious 'License-Permit-Quota Raj'. Industrial licensing was abolished for all except 18 industries (later pruned down to just 4-5).
• Therefore, statements a, b, and c are correct, matching official answer key option 3.
• Key Takeaway: NIP 1991 abolished industrial licensing (delicensing), promoted FDI, and reformed/disinvested loss-making PSUs.