मूलभूत अधिकार सामान्यतः राज्यसंस्थेच्या अनिर्बंध व्यवहारापासून नागरिकांना संरक्षण देतात. खालीलपैकी कोणते अधिकार त्याही पुढे जाऊन व्यक्तीला इतर नागरिकांच्या व्यवहारापासून संरक्षण पुरवतात ?
(a) कलम 14
(b) कलम 15 (1)
(c) कलम 15 (2)
(d) कलम 16
(e) कलम 17
(f) कलम 22 (1)
(g) कलम 23
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option C ((c), (e), (g)).

Key Points:
• Horizontal vs. Vertical Application of Fundamental Rights: Most Fundamental Rights protect citizens against state action (vertical), but specific articles protect individuals against actions by private citizens (horizontal enforcement / against private parties).
• Article 15(2): Prohibits denial of access to public shops, public restaurants, wells, and bathing ghats maintained out of state funds *or dedicated to the use of the general public*, protecting individuals against discrimination by private citizens.
• Article 17: Abolishes 'Untouchability' and makes its practice in any form a punishable offense, binding upon private individuals.
• Article 23: Prohibits human trafficking and forced labor (*begar*), enforceable against private employers and individuals.
• Conclusion: Articles 15(2), 17, and (g) Article 23 form the correct combination (c, e, g), matching option (3).
• Key Takeaway: Articles 15(2), 17, and 23 protect individuals against discriminatory and exploitative actions by private citizens.