विधान (A): भारताचे राष्ट्रपती हे संघराज्य शासनाचे कार्यकारी प्रमुख आहेत.
कारण (R) : ते सैन्य दलांचे सर्वोच्च प्रमुख आहेत.
पर्याय :

The correct answer is Option B ((A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the explanation of (A)).

Key Points:
• Executive Head: Under Article 53(1) of the Constitution, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President and shall be exercised either directly or through subordinate officers. Thus, Statement (A) is correct.
• Supreme Commander: Under Article 53(2), the supreme command of the Defence Forces of the Union is also vested in the President, making Reason (R) factually correct.
• Logical Relationship: The status of Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces is merely one facet of presidential powers, not the foundational constitutional reason why the President is the executive head of the Union.
• Conclusion: Both statements are true, but (R) is not the correct causal explanation of (A).
• Key Takeaway: Both statements under Article 53 are independently true, but military command does not explain overall Union executive headship.