बचत गट आणि बँका यांच्यातील व्यवहार संबंधात खालील कोणत्या प्रतिकृती मध्ये गैर सरकारी संघटनेचा सहभाग होतो ?
अ. आयफॅड प्रतिकृती
ब. अप्रत्यक्ष संबंध प्रतिकृती
क. परिवर्तीत अप्रत्यक्ष प्रतिकृती
ड. परिवर्तीत प्रत्यक्ष संबंध प्रतिकृती 1
योग्य पर्याय निवडा :

The correct answer is Option D (a, b and c).

Key Points:
• SHG-Bank Linkage Models formulated by NABARD:
• Model I (Direct Linkage): Banks directly form, nurture, and finance SHGs without NGO mediation.
• Model II (Direct Linkage with Facilitation): NGOs or government agencies form, guide, and train SHGs, but the bank finances the groups directly.
• Model III (Indirect Linkage Model / NGO as Financial Intermediary): Banks lend bulk funds directly to the NGO (Non-Governmental Organisation), and the NGO on-lends to individual SHGs (Statement b).
• Modified Indirect Models & International Partnered Projects (IFAD Models): Developed by the International Fund for Agricultural Development where NGOs act as implementing agencies for micro-credit delivery (Statements a and c).
• Therefore, NGOs act as formal intermediaries across a, b, and c (Option 4).
• Key Takeaway: NGOs act as financial intermediaries in NABARD's indirect linkage and modified IFAD models of SHG credit.