'गोल्डन राईस' मध्ये ________ चे वाढीव प्रमाण असते.
(1) बीटा कॅरोटीन
(2) सायनोकोबालअमाइन
(3) अॅस्कोरबीक अॅसीड
(4) लायकोपीन

The correct answer is Option A (Beta carotene).

Key Points:
• Core Concept
• Golden Rice is a genetically modified biofortified variety of Oryza sativa engineered to biosynthesize provitamin A (beta-carotene) in the edible endosperm of rice.
• Why Correct
• Developed by Ingo Potrykus and Peter Beyer, Golden Rice was engineered by inserting genes from daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) and the soil bacterium Erwinia uredovora (crtI gene) to synthesize beta-carotene, giving the grains a distinctive golden-yellow color.
• Beta-carotene converts into Vitamin A in the human intestinal tract.
• Key Details
• It was developed as a humanitarian agricultural initiative to combat Vitamin A deficiency (VAD), which causes childhood blindness and elevated mortality in developing regions.
• Exam Traps
• Do not confuse beta-carotene with lycopene (the red pigment in tomatoes) or finished vitamins synthesized chemically.
• Other Options
• Cyanocobalamine is Vitamin B₁₂.
• Ascorbic acid is Vitamin C.
• Lycopene is a carotenoid carotenoid found in tomatoes and watermelons.
• Key Takeaway: Golden Rice is biofortified with beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A.