'मूलभूत कर्तव्या' बाबतच्या खालील विधानांचा विचार करा.
(a) म्हंटले तर त्यांना काही महत्व नसते.
(b) ती 42 व्या घटनादुरुस्तीने राज्यघटनेत समाविष्ट करण्यात आली
(c) ही कर्तव्ये राज्यघटनेच्या विभाग IV अ मध्ये व कलम 51 अ मध्ये दिली आहेत.
(d) अशीच कर्तव्ये अमेरिका व ऑस्ट्रेलियामध्ये आहेत.
वरीलपैकी कोणती विधाने बरोबर आहेत ?

The correct answer is Option D ((a), (b) and (c) only.).

Key Points:
• Constitutional Background:
• Fundamental Duties were incorporated into the Indian Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
• Placement: They are placed in Part IV-A under a single Article 51A.
• Legal Enforceability & Significance: Fundamental duties are non-justiciable and non-enforceable by courts directly, leading critics to argue that 'it may be said that they have no significance' or legal teeth without specific parliamentary enactments. Hence statement (a) is considered contextually valid alongside (b) and (c).
• Global Context: Democratic constitutions like USA, Australia, Canada, and the UK do not contain explicit fundamental duties; they were inspired by the constitution of the former USSR. Thus, statement (d) is clearly incorrect.
• Hence, statements (a), (b), and (c) are correct as per the official answer key.
• Key Takeaway: Part IV-A (Article 51A) was added by the 42nd Amendment inspired by USSR; major democracies like USA and Australia do not have them.