खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या -
(a) दुय्यम न्यायालयातील न्यायाधीशांच्या नेमणूका राज्यपाल संबंधित राज्याच्या उच्च न्यायालयाच्या मुख्य न्यायमूर्तीच्या सल्ल्याने करतात.
(b) सत्र न्यायालयांना मृत्यूदंडाची शिक्षा ठोठावण्याचा अधिकार आहे.
वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त?

The correct answer is Option C ((a) and (b)).

Key Points:
• Subordinate Judiciary Provisions (Articles 233-234 & CrPC):
• Statement (a): Under Article 233(1), appointments, posting, and promotion of District Judges in any State are made by the Governor in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction (headed by the Chief Justice). Similarly, under Article 234, appointments to judicial service other than district judges are made by the Governor in consultation with the State Public Service Commission and the High Court. (Correct)
• Statement (b): Under Section 28(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), a Sessions Judge or Additional Sessions Judge may pass any sentence authorized by law, including death sentence; however, any sentence of death passed by a Sessions Court is subject to confirmation by the High Court under Section 366 of CrPC before execution. (Correct)
• Both statements (a) and (b) are correct.
• Matches Option (3).
• Key Takeaway: Subordinate court judges are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the High Court; Sessions Courts can award death penalties subject to High Court confirmation.