खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या. (a) रोख राखीव गुणोत्तर हे पत नियंत्रणाचे प्रभावी साधन आहे. (b) 9 फेब्रुवारी 2013 मध्ये रोख राखीव गुणोत्तर 4.0% पर्यंत कमी केले गेले. (c) 11 ऑगस्ट 2012 मध्ये वैधानिक रोखता गुणोत्तर 1 ते 30% पर्यंत कमी केले गेले. वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त ?

The correct answer is Option A ((a) and (b)).

Key Points:
• Correct Option Evaluation: The correct answer is option (1) (a) and (b).
• Monetary Policy Instruments (CRR & SLR):
• Statement (a): Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) is a potent quantitative instrument used by the RBI to regulate liquidity, money supply, and credit creation in the economy. (Correct)
• Statement (b): RBI reduced the CRR to 4.0% effective from February 9, 2013, to ease liquidity tightness in the banking system. (Correct)
• Statement (c): Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) was not reduced '1 to 30%' on Aug 11, 2012 (SLR was actually reduced around that period to 23% by RBI from earlier higher levels to release funds for credit). Hence, statement (c) is incorrect.
• Exam Insight: RBI's monetary policy tools include CRR, SLR, Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, and Open Market Operations (OMOs).
• Key Takeaway: Statements (a) and (b) regarding CRR being an effective tool and its reduction to 4.0% in Feb 2013 are correct.