ब्रिटीशांनी भारतीय शेतकऱ्यांवर नगदी पिकांचे उत्पादन घेण्याची सक्ती करण्याचा प्रयत्न का केला ?

The correct answer is Option C (For the benefit of British Government).

Key Points:
• Forced Commercialization of Indian Agriculture:
• Under British colonial rule, Indian agriculture was forcibly restructured to serve British industrial capitalism and imperial trade interests.
• Farmers were compelled through coercive advance contracts (such as the *Tinkathia* system in indigo) and rigid land revenue demands to cultivate commercial cash crops like indigo, opium, raw cotton, jute, and tea instead of food grains.
• Raw cotton fed the textile mills of Manchester and Lancashire; opium was exported to China to finance tea imports, yielding colossal super-profits to British managing agencies and imperial coffers.
• This policy ruined soil fertility, impoverished peasants, and triggered catastrophic famines due to severe food grain shortages.
• Key Takeaway: Cash crop cultivation was enforced by the British to secure cheap raw materials and maximize imperial profits.