'कायद्याचे राज्य' या तत्वाचे आद्यप्रवर्तक कोण होते ?

The correct answer is Option A (Sir Edward Coke).

Key Points:
• Originator of the Principle of 'Rule of Law':
• The historical foundation of the doctrine of the 'Rule of Law' was originated in England by the renowned Chief Justice Sir Edward Coke during the reign of King James I.
• In the famous *Case of Proclamations (1610)*, Coke asserted that *"the King ought not to be under any man, but under God and the law"* (citing Bracton), establishing that royal prerogative is subordinate to the law of the land.
• Later in the late 19th century, British constitutional jurist A.V. Dicey developed and popularized the three pillars of Rule of Law in his classic *The Law of the Constitution (1885)*.
• However, the original pioneer who introduced the concept into modern jurisprudence was Sir Edward Coke.
• Evaluation of Other Thinkers:
• Montesquieu: Pioneered the doctrine of *Separation of Powers* in *The Spirit of the Laws (1748)*.
• James Madison: Regarded as the 'Father of the US Constitution'.
• Key Takeaway: Sir Edward Coke originated the principle of the Rule of Law by establishing that the monarch is subject to law, later expounded by A.V. Dicey.