न्यायिक सक्रियते बाबत खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान चूकीचे आहे ?
(1) न्यायिक सक्रियता हा शब्द इतिहासकार आर्थर श्लेसिंजर ज्युनिअर यांनी 1947 मध्ये तयार केला होता.
(2) हा शब्द न्यायिक पुनर्विलोकनासाठी न्यायाधीशाच्या वास्तविक किंवा समजलेल्या दृष्टीकोनाचे वर्णन करण्यासाठी वापरला जावू शकतो.
(3) न्यायिक सक्रियते मुळे शासनाच्या कार्यपद्धतीवर मर्यादा येतात.
(4) वरीलपैकी एकही नाही

The correct answer is Option D (None of the above).

Key Points:
• Statement 1 is correct: American historian and public intellectual Arthur Schlesinger Jr. introduced the term "judicial activism" in a January 1947 *Fortune* magazine article titled *"The Supreme Court: 1947"*.
• Statement 2 is correct: It describes a judge's philosophy and willingness to actively review legislative and executive acts, departing from strict judicial restraint to enforce constitutional justice.
• Statement 3 is correct: By stepping in when executive or legislative inertia impairs fundamental rights, judicial activism places constitutional checks and practical limits on arbitrary government action.
• Since all three statements (1, 2, and 3) are established factual/conceptual tenets of judicial activism, the incorrect statement is 'None of the above' (Option 4).
• Key Takeaway: The term 'judicial activism' was coined by Arthur Schlesinger Jr. in 1947 to describe active judicial enforcement of rights.