कोणत्या घटनादुरुस्तीद्वारे राष्ट्रपतींना मंत्रीपरिषदेच्या सल्ल्यानुसार वागणे बंधनकारक आहे ?

The correct answer is Option A (42nd Amendment).

Key Points:
• Article 74(1) Amendment: Originally, Article 74(1) stated that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President.
• 42nd Amendment Act, 1976: Enacted during the Emergency by the Indira Gandhi government, it amended Article 74(1) to declare that the President 'shall, in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice', making ministerial advice completely binding without exception.
• Modification by 44th Amendment, 1978: The Janata Party government added a proviso enabling the President to send advice back once for reconsideration; however, after reconsideration, the tendered advice became mandatory to accept.
• Other Amendments: The 24th Amendment (1971) made President's assent mandatory for Constitutional Amendment Bills (Article 368). The 52nd Amendment (1985) introduced the anti-defection law (Tenth Schedule).
• Key Takeaway: The 42nd Amendment (1976) explicitly made the advice of the Council of Ministers binding on the President.