भारतात लोकपाल आणि लोकायुक्त संस्था स्थापन करण्याची शिफारस कोणत्या समितीने केली होती?

The correct answer is Option B (First Administrative Reforms Commission).

Key Points:
• First Administrative Reforms Commission (1966–1970): The establishment of two special statutory authorities—designated as 'Lokpal' at the Centre and 'Lokayukta' in the States—for the redressal of citizens' grievances was formally recommended by the First Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) in its interim report submitted in October 1966.
• Chairmanship & Evolution: Constituted on 5 January 1966 under the chairmanship of Morarji Desai (and later chaired by K. Hanumanthaiah from 1967), the First ARC modelled these institutions on the Scandinavian Ombudsman system and the Parliamentary Commissioner in New Zealand.
• Coining of the Term & Statutory Enactment: Eminent jurist Dr. L. M. Singhvi coined the terms 'Lokpal' and 'Lokayukta' in 1963. While Maharashtra became the first state in India to establish the institution of Lokayukta in 1972 (under the 1971 Act), the central Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act was enacted in 2013, with Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose appointed as the first Chairperson in March 2019.
• Distractor Analysis: The Santhanam Committee (1962–64) recommended the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC), the Sarkaria Commission (1983–88) reviewed Centre-State relations, and the Kothari Commission (1964–66) reformed national education and civil service exams.
• Key Takeaway: The First Administrative Reforms Commission (1966) chaired by Morarji Desai recommended setting up Lokpal and Lokayukta institutions in India.