बहुराष्ट्रीय कंपन्यांचे भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्थेवरील हानिकारक परिणाम कोणते ?
अ. आर्थिक रचनेत बिघाड
ब. पैशाचा प्रवाह देशाबाहेर
c. राजकीय हस्तक्षेप
ड. परकीय गुंतवणूकीस हानिकारक
दिलेल्या पर्यायांपैकी योग्य पर्याय निवडा :

The correct answer is Option B (a, b and c).

Key Points:
• Multinational Corporations (MNCs) bring capital and technology, but critics in developmental economics highlight several negative externalities on developing economies like India:
• Statement (a) is correct: Distortion of economic structure occurs when MNCs prioritize elite consumer goods over mass-consumption goods and crowd out domestic small-scale industries.
• Statement (b) is correct: Outflow of funds takes place through the repatriation of massive profits, dividends, royalties, management fees, and transfer pricing.
• Statement (c) is correct: Political interference and lobbying by giant conglomerates can influence sovereign policymaking, labour laws, and environmental standards.
• Statement (d) is incorrect: MNCs are themselves the primary vehicles *of* foreign direct investment; they do not harm foreign investment per se.
• Therefore, statements a, b, and c are the genuine harmful effects (Option 2).
• Key Takeaway: Harmful effects of MNCs include profit repatriation, structural distortion of domestic industry, and policy lobbying/interference.