खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या.
(a) राज्य सरकारांच्या वित्तावर देखरेख ठेवण्याची जबाबदारी केंद्रीय वित्त मंत्रालयाची आहे.
(b) राज्यघटनेनुसार जर राज्याच्या नावावर केंद्र सरकारकडून घेतलेले कर्ज शिल्लक असेल तर राज्य सरकार केंद्र सरकारच्या परवानगी शिवाय बाजारातून कर्ज घेऊ शकत नाही.
(c) राज्यघटनेनुसार राज्य सरकारांना परकिय कर्ज घेण्याची परवानगी आहे.
वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने असत्य आहे/आहेत ?

The correct answer is Option D (only (c)).

Key Points:
• Constitutional Provisions on State Borrowings (Article 293):
• Statement (a) is correct; the Union Ministry of Finance oversees overarching fiscal governance and state borrowings/finances in coordination with RBI.
• Statement (b) is correct; under Article 293(3) of the Indian Constitution, a state cannot raise any market loan without the consent of the Government of India if there is still outstanding central debt or a central loan guarantee.
• Statement (c) is incorrect because under the Constitution, state governments are strictly prohibited from borrowing directly from foreign countries or international financial institutions (external borrowings can only be undertaken by the Central Government).
• Since only statement (c) is incorrect, option (4) is the correct choice.
• Key Takeaway: State governments are prohibited by the Constitution from borrowing from abroad, making statement (c) incorrect.