खालील विधाने विचारात घ्या :
(a) प्रमुख बंदरे ही केंद्र आणि राज्य सरकारांची थेट जबाबदारी असते.
(b) बिगर-प्रमुख बंदरे संबंधित राज्य सरकारकडून व्यवस्थापित आणि प्रशासित केली जातात.
(c) लहान बंदरांचे व्यवस्थापन आणि विकासासाठी राष्ट्रीय बंदर मंडळाची स्थापना केली होती.
वरीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने बरोबर आहेत ?
(1) फक्त (a) आणि (c) बरोबर आहेत
(2) फक्त (a) आणि (b) बरोबर आहेत
(3) फक्त (b) आणि (c) बरोबर आहेत
(4) वरीलपैकी सर्व

The correct answer is Option C (Only (b) and (c) are correct).

Key Points:
• Institutional administration of maritime ports in India:
• Statement (a) is INCORRECT: Under the Indian Ports Act, 1908 and the Major Port Trusts Act, 1963 (now Major Port Authorities Act, 2021), Major Ports fall under the Union List (Entry 27) and are the direct and exclusive responsibility of the Central Government, not the State Governments.
• Statement (b) is CORRECT: Non-Major Ports (minor and intermediate ports) fall under the Concurrent List (Entry 31) and are administered, regulated, and managed directly by the respective Maritime Boards or State Governments (e.g., Maharashtra Maritime Board).
• Statement (c) is CORRECT: The National Harbour Board was constituted in 1950 as an apex advisory body to provide coordinated advice for the integrated development and management of ports, with a focus on minor ports in consultation with state authorities.
• Hence, statements (b) and (c) are correct.
• Key Takeaway: Major ports are administered by the Centre; non-major ports are managed by states, guided by the National Harbour Board.