खालीलपैकी कोणते/ती विधान/ने चूक आहे/त ?
a. 2022-23 मध्ये भारतीय व्यापारी मालाची निर्यात US 450.4 अब्ज इतकी होती ती मागील वर्षी 44.6 टक्क्यांच्या तुलनेत 6.7 टक्क्यांनी वाढली.
b. 2022-23 मध्ये भारतीय व्यापारी मालाची आयात US 613.1 अब्ज इतकी होती ती मागील वर्षीच्या 30.3 टक्क्यांच्या तुलनेत 4.4 टक्क्यांनी वाढली.

The correct answer is Option B (Only b is incorrect).

Key Points:
• Macroeconomic Trade Data 2022-23: The Ministry of Commerce data provides a clear picture of India's foreign trade performance during the financial year 2022-23, reflecting post-pandemic normalization and global geopolitical stress.
• Export Performance (Statement A): India's merchandise exports reached a record US 450.4 billion in FY 2022-23. This represented a growth of 6.7% over the previous year (2021-22), which had seen a massive post-COVID rebound growth of 44.6%. Therefore, statement 'a' is factually correct and accurate.
• Import Performance (Statement B): India's merchandise imports in FY 2022-23 were actually much higher than stated, standing at US 714.2 billion (not US 613.1 billion). Consequently, the import growth rate was significantly higher, growing by 16.5%, largely driven by elevated global crude oil and commodity prices resulting from the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
• Conclusion: Because the figures and growth percentages provided for imports in statement 'b' are grossly understated, statement 'b' is the only incorrect statement.
• Trade Deficit: The accurate figures resulted in a widening merchandise trade deficit of over US 263 billion for FY23.
• Key Takeaway: In 2022-23, exports were 450.4B (6.7% growth), but imports were 714.2B (16.5% growth). Statement B gave wrong import data.