खालीलपैकी कोणते विधान/ने बरोबर आहे/त ?
(a) भारतीय संघराज्याच्या घटकराज्यांचा भूप्रदेश (सीमा) संसद साध्या बहुमताने बदलू शकते.
(b) संसदेला राज्याच्या भूप्रदेशाची पुनर्विभागणी करण्याअगोदर राज्य विधिमंडळाची संमती आवश्यक असते.
(c) कोणत्याही राज्याच्या भूप्रदेशाची पुनर्विभागणी संबंधिचे विधेयक संसदेमध्ये सादर करण्यासाठी राष्ट्रपतीची शिफारस आवश्यक असते.
(d) राज्याच्या नावामध्ये बदल करण्यासंबंधी विधेयकाची शिफारस करण्याअगोदर राष्ट्रपतीकडे राज्याचा अभिप्राय प्राप्त झाला पाहिजे.
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option D ((a), (c)).

Key Points:
• Constitutional Provisions regarding Article 3 & Article 4:
• Statement (a) is correct: Under Article 4, laws relating to state reorganization under Articles 2 and 3 can be passed by Parliament by a simple majority, and are not deemed to be amendments under Article 368.
• Statement (b) is incorrect: The consent of the State Legislature is NOT binding or mandatory; only reference for expressing views within a time frame is required. Parliament is not bound to accept the state's views.
• Statement (c) is correct: Under the proviso to Article 3, no bill altering state boundaries/territory can be introduced in either House of Parliament without the prior recommendation of the President.
• Statement (d) is incorrect: The President is required only to refer the bill to the state legislature for expressing its views within a specified period; the President/Parliament does not have to wait indefinitely to receive an opinion if the period expires, nor is the opinion binding.
• Statements (a) and (c) are correct (Option 4).
• Key Takeaway: State reorganization bills require the President's prior recommendation and can be passed by Parliament by a simple majority.