खालीलपैकी कोणत्या समूहावर चलनवाढीचा प्रतिकूल परिणाम होतो ?
अ. असंघटित क्षेत्रातील मजूरी करणारे
ब. लाभधारक
क. वेतनधारी चलनवाढीनुसार वेतन निर्देशांक असणारे
ड. निश्चित निवृत्ती वेतन मिळविणारे निवृत्तीधारक
वरीलपैकी कोणते विधाने बरोबर आहे ?

The correct answer is Option D (a and d).

Key Points:
• Redistributive Effects of Inflation:
• Inflation causes an uneven transfer of real purchasing power across different economic groups.
• Statement (a) is correct: Informal sector wage earners lack collective bargaining power and contractual indexation; hence, as consumer prices surge, their real wages fall sharply, eroding their living standards.
• Statement (d) is correct: Fixed pensioners receive a predetermined, unchanging nominal sum every month; progressive price increases steadily destroy the real purchasing power of their fixed pensions.
• Beneficiaries or Neutral Groups:
• Statement (b) is incorrect: Profit earners/business owners gain because prices of finished goods rise faster than input costs, widening profit margins.
• Statement (c) is incorrect: Salaried employees with inflation-indexed salaries receive periodic Dearness Allowance (DA) revisions linked to the Consumer Price Index (CPI), protecting their real income.
• Therefore, the adversely affected groups are a and d (Option 4).
• Key Takeaway: Inflation harms fixed-income pensioners and unindexed informal labourers while benefiting entrepreneurs and profit earners.