ग्रामीण भागामध्ये शहरी सुविधा पुरविणे (PURA) प्रतिमानामध्ये खालीलपैकी कोणती जोडणी विचारात घेण्यात आलेली नव्हती ?

The correct answer is Option D (Social connectivity).

Key Points:
• The correct option is (4).
• Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's PURA Concept:
• PURA stands for 'Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas', envisioned by former President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam in his book 'Target 3 Billion' and adopted during the Tenth Five-Year Plan.
• PURA emphasizes four specific forms of integrated connectivity to empower village clusters:
• 1. Physical Connectivity: Quality all-weather roads and transport networks.
• 2. Electronic / Digital Connectivity: Telecommunications, broadband, and IT networks.
• 3. Knowledge Connectivity: Vocational institutes, schools, and professional skill development centers.
• 4. Economic Connectivity: Fostering markets, agro-industries, banking, and commercial hubs resulting from the first three connectivities.
• 'Social connectivity' was not one of the four designated pillars in the PURA framework.
• Key Takeaway: PURA model connectivities are: Physical, Electronic/Digital, Knowledge, and Economic (Social is excluded).