खालीलपैकी कोणत्या घटनादुरुस्तीद्वारे भारतीय राज्यघटनेतील कलम 45 मधील विषयामध्ये बदल करण्यात आला ?

The correct answer is Option C (86th amendment).

Key Points:
• 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 & Education Provisions:
• Amendment to Article 45: The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 replaced the earlier text of Article 45 (which provided free and compulsory education for all children until age 14) with: "The State shall endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years."
• Other Key Additions by 86th Amendment:
• Inserted Article 21A making free and compulsory elementary education (ages 6 to 14) a Fundamental Right.
• Inserted clause (k) under Article 51A, adding the 11th Fundamental Duty for parents/guardians to provide education opportunities to children aged 6 to 14.
• Other Amendments Listed:
• 42nd Amendment (1976): Added Articles 39A, 43A, 48A to DPSP.
• 44th Amendment (1978): Added Article 38(2) (minimizing inequalities in income).
• 97th Amendment (2011): Added Article 43B regarding Co-operative Societies.
• Key Takeaway: The 86th Amendment (2002) shifted elementary education to Article 21A (FR) and amended Article 45 (DPSP) to early childhood care up to age 6.