जागतिक व्यापार संघटनेने मांडलेल्या 'शेतीविषयक करारावर' स्वाक्षरी करूनही अपेक्षेनुसार भारताच्या शेती निर्यातीत वाढ झाली नाही. याचे कारण खालीलपैकी कोणते ?
(a) बदलत्या बाजार स्थितीचा फायदा शेती उत्पादन वाढवून भारत घेऊ शकला नाही.
(b) विकसित देशांनी 'हरित बॉक्स' सबसिडीचा मोठ्या प्रमाणावर वापर करून त्यांच्या शेतीला आधार दिला.
पर्यायी उत्तरे :
(1) फक्त (a)
(2) फक्त (b)
(3) दोन्ही (a) आणि (b)
(4) वरीलपैकी कोणतेही नाही

The correct answer is Option C (Both (a) and (b)).

Key Points:
• WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AoA): India signed the AoA expecting massive boosts in agricultural exports due to global market access.
• Statement (a) is correct: India faced domestic production constraints, infrastructural bottlenecks, and supply chain inefficiencies, preventing it from adequately scaling production to capitalize on shifting global market opportunities.
• Statement (b) is correct: Developed nations heavily subsidized their agricultural sectors using WTO-compliant Green Box and Blue Box subsidies, giving their farmers an unfair competitive price advantage in international trade over Indian agricultural exports.
• Therefore, both statements (a) and (b) correctly explain why agricultural exports did not surge as expected, making option (3) correct.
• Key Takeaway: Both production constraints in India and heavy Green Box subsidies by developed countries hindered India's agricultural export growth.