अणुशक्ती केन्द्रामधून तयार होणाऱ्या इंधनकचऱ्याची विल्हेवाट कशी लावतात ?
अ. गटारे, नाले, नद्यांमध्ये पाण्यासोबत सोडून देतात.
ब. वस्तीपासून दूर उघडयावर फेकून देतात.
क. स्टेनलेस स्टीलच्या डब्यात कायमचे बंद करून तळघरातच साठवतात.
ड. समुद्राच्या तळाशी डबाबंद केलेला कचरा नेऊन टाकतात.
योग्य पर्याय निवडा :

The correct answer is Option C (c).

Key Points:
• High-Level Nuclear Waste (HLW) Management Protocol:
• Spent nuclear fuel rods and high-level fission wastes emit dangerous alpha, beta, and gamma radiation for centuries and cannot be disposed of in surface water, open dumps, or the ocean.
• The Multi-Barrier Vitrification Protocol:
• India follows a closed fuel cycle policy developed by BARC.
• High-level radioactive waste is first vitrified (immobilized into molten borosilicate glass matrix).
• The vitrified waste is encapsulated inside hermetically sealed, corrosion-resistant stainless steel canisters.
• These containers are cooled for 30–40 years and stored in deeply engineered subsurface underground storage vaults/cells before eventual placement in Deep Geological Repositories (DGR).
• Discharging into rivers (a), dumping in the open (b), or ocean dumping (d) are illegal and strictly forbidden by the IAEA and the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB).
• Therefore, Option 3 (c only) is the safe, established disposal method.
• Key Takeaway: High-level radioactive reactor waste is vitrified and stored underground in sealed stainless steel containers.