थेट विदेशी गुंतवणूक म्हणजे

The correct answer is Option A (Long term real investment of a firm abroad).

Key Points:
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI / थेट विदेशी गुंतवणूक) is an investment made by a firm or individual in one country into business interests located in another country, establishing lasting interest and significant management control.
• It represents long-term real investment (दीर्घमुदत वास्तव गुंतवणूक) in tangible productive assets such as factories, plants, infrastructure, and technology transfer.
• In contrast, Option 3 describes Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI), which involves volatile financial investment in stocks, bonds, and securities without operational management control.
• FDI is stable, non-debt creating, and contributes directly to domestic productive capacity, capital formation, and employment generation.
• The official MPSC final answer key confirms Option 1.
• Key Takeaway: FDI signifies long-term real physical investment in productive assets abroad with managerial control.