भारतीय परकीय व्यापाराच्या तुटीच्या संकटामागील कारणे :
(a) तेलाची वाढती आयात
(b) भांडवली वस्तू व आधुनिक तंत्राची आयात वाढ
(c) रुपयाच्या विनिमय दरातील घसरण
(d) रुपयाच्या विनिमय दरातील वाढ
पर्यायी उत्तरे :
(1) (a), (b), (d) विधाने योग्य आहेत
(2) (a), (c), (d) विधाने योग्य आहेत
(3) (a), (d) विधाने योग्य आहेत
(4) (a), (b), (c) विधाने योग्य आहेत

The correct answer is Option D ((a), (b), (c) statements are correct).

Key Points:
• India's Trade Deficit Drivers: India's balance of trade has historically faced deficits due to heavy import dependency.
• Statement (a) is correct: Rising crude oil import bills constitute the single largest drain on foreign exchange, worsening trade gaps.
• Statement (b) is correct: High imports of capital machinery, electronics, and modern technology to fuel industrialization expand import values.
• Statement (c) is correct: Deterioration (depreciation) in the exchange rate of the rupee makes imports more expensive in rupee terms, inflating the import bill and widening trade deficits.
• Statement (d) is incorrect because an appreciation/growth in exchange rate would generally cheapen imports, whereas depreciation contributes to trade gap pressures.
• Therefore, statements (a), (b), and (c) are correct, making option (4) the right choice.
• Key Takeaway: Trade gap crises are driven by rising oil imports, capital goods imports, and rupee exchange rate deterioration.