असोशी ह्याची व्याख्या ________ अशी आहे.
(1) सूक्ष्म अणुंमार्फत रोग प्रतिकारक क्षमतेचा परिणाम कमी होणे
(2) शरीराचा विकर निर्मीत परिणाम
(3) रोगप्रतिकारक प्रणालीचा अत्याधिक परिणाम
(4) प्रतिजनुकिय जागा विभागुन दिल्याने होणे

The correct answer is Option C (excessive response of the immune system).

Key Points:
• Immunological pathology and hypersensitivity states:
• Definition of Allergy (Hypersensitivity):
• An allergy (असोशी / ॲलर्जी) is defined as an excessive, exaggerated, or inappropriate hypersensitivity response of the host immune system to otherwise innocuous environmental substances termed allergens (e.g., pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or specific foods).
• Immunological Mechanism:
• Classic Type I hypersensitivity involves allergen binding to cross-linked Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies bound on the surface of tissue mast cells and circulating basophils.
• This interaction triggers cellular degranulation, releasing inflammatory chemical mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins, resulting in symptoms ranging from mild rhinitis to severe life-threatening anaphylactic shock.
• An allergy is clinically defined as an excessive response of the immune system (Option 3).
• Key Takeaway: An allergy is an exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system to typically benign environmental allergens.