1951 मधील _______ समितीच्या मते, भारतातील 90 टक्के शेतकऱ्यांना सावकारांकडून कर्ज घ्यावे लागत होते.

The correct answer is Option A (A.D. Gorawala).

Key Points:
• All India Rural Credit Survey Committee (AIRCSC), 1951:
• In 1951, the Reserve Bank of India appointed the All India Rural Credit Survey Committee chaired by A.D. Gorwala (often referred to as the Gorwala Committee).
• Findings:
• The committee published its survey report in 1954, documenting rural indebtedness in early post-independence India.
• It revealed that institutional credit (cooperatives, commercial banks, government) provided less than 7.3% of total rural borrowings, leaving over 90% of Indian farmers reliant on non-institutional private sources—chiefly unorganized private moneylenders.
• The committee recommended an integrated scheme of rural credit and the conversion of the Imperial Bank of India into the State Bank of India (SBI) in 1955.
• Final Answer Key Match:
• Option 1 (A.D. Gorawala) is the designated correct response.
• Key Takeaway: A.D. Gorwala Committee (1951) revealed that over 90% of rural credit was supplied by private moneylenders, leading to the creation of SBI.