जेव्हा किडनी (मूत्रपिंड) ट्यूब्यूलर पुनर्शोषण अयशस्वी होते, तेव्हा भरपूर लघवी होते. या रोगाला (चयापचय विकाराला) काय म्हणतात ?

The correct answer is option B — Failure of kidney tubular reabsorption of water produces copious dilute urine in diabetes insipidus—distinct from diabetes mellitus (hyperglycaemia/glucosuria). Juvenile-onset and NIDDM labels belong to insulin/glucose disorders, not ADH–aquaporin reabsorption failure. Distractors A (Diabetes mellitus), C (Juvenile onset diabetes), D (Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) look plausible but do not follow from the facts stated in the question. Store the reasoning behind the answer, not just the letter, because topic packs revisit the same idea in different forms.