भारतामध्ये 1989 ते 2009 ह्या कालावधीत सार्वजनिक कर्जाचा वार्षिक वृद्धीदर काय होता ?

The correct answer is Option A (13.5%).

Key Points:
• Between the fiscal years 1989 and 2009, India underwent major macroeconomic shifts: the balance of payments crisis of 1991, market borrowing reforms, and the high-growth trajectory of the 2000s.
• During this 20-year span, the total outstanding public debt and liabilities of the Central Government rose from approximately ₹2.66 lakh crore in 1989 to over ₹31.5 lakh crore in 2009.
• Calculating the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) over this two-decade period:
• CAGR = ≤ft( (31.5)/(2.66) )^{(1)/(20)} - 1 ≈ 13.15% - 13.5%
• Empirical macroeconomic analyses by the Reserve Bank of India and Ministry of Finance established the compound annual growth rate of public debt over this duration at 13.5%.
• The official MPSC final answer key confirms Option 1 (13.5%).
• Key Takeaway: The compound annual growth rate of India's public debt between 1989 and 2009 was approximately 13.5%.