कर महसूल, स्थूल उत्पन्नाच्या वाढीशी लवचिक करण्याच्या दृष्टीने, खालीलपैकी कोणता उपाय कर-सुधारणा समितीने सुचविला होता ?

The correct answer is Option D (Lower tax rate and broad tax base).

Key Points:
• Correct Position Evaluation: The correct answer is option (4) Lower tax rate and broad tax base.
• Tax Reforms & Elasticity (Chelliah Committee / Tax Reform Committees):
• Core Principle: Tax reforms in India (championed by committees like the Tax Reforms Committee chaired by Raja J. Chelliah in 1991) emphasized that to make tax revenue elastic and responsive to GDP growth while minimizing tax evasion, the tax system should feature lower marginal tax rates combined with a broad tax base (covering more economic agents/transactions with fewer exemptions).
• Rationale: High tax rates encourage evasion and black money generation, whereas lower rates with a wide base encourage compliance, voluntary disclosures, and buoyancy in revenues.
• Exam Insight: Broad-based taxes like GST and moderate personal/corporate income tax slabs reflect this exact modern tax policy philosophy.
• Key Takeaway: Tax reform committees suggested a lower tax rate and broad tax base to make tax revenue more elastic to GDP growth.