भारतातील पहिली जनगणना साली झाली.

The correct answer is Option A (1871).

Key Points:
• Census History of India:
• The first non-synchronous population census in India was conducted under Viceroy Lord Mayo between 1867 and 1872, officially designated as the Census of 1871/1872.
• Key milestones in Indian Census history:
• The first synchronous (समकालीन), regular, complete decennial census throughout the Indian subcontinent began in 1881 under Viceroy Lord Ripon (with W. C. Plowden as Census Commissioner).
• Since 1881, India has continuously conducted a census once every ten years.
• The Census of 1921 is known as the 'Year of the Great Divide' (महाविभाजन वर्ष) as population growth turned permanently positive thereafter.
• Key Takeaway: The first census in India was conducted in 1871–1872 under Lord Mayo, followed by regular decennial censuses starting in 1881.