खालीलपैकी योग्य कथन/ने ओळखा.
(a) खाजगीकरण आणि कोटा पद्धती हे उच्च शिक्षणासमोरील आव्हाने आहेत.
(b) वैयक्तिक शिक्षण व नवकल्पना आणि सृजनशीलता यांना प्रोत्साहन हे उच्च शिक्षणासमोरील आव्हानाचे उपाय आहे.
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option C (Both (a) and (b)).

Key Points:
• Pedagogical discourse and educational planning in India highlight specific systemic issues facing the higher education apparatus:
• Statement (a) is correct: The commercialization resulting from unchecked privatization, coupled with contentions surrounding complex admission caps and quota systems, are widely cited by education policy analysts as significant contemporary structural challenges to academic merit, equity, and institutional autonomy.
• Statement (b) is correct: Reforming pedagogical delivery through personalized/adaptive learning approaches and fostering creativity, research, and critical thinking have been prioritized by commissions and the National Education Policy (NEP 2020) as effective programmatic solutions.
• Hence, both statements (a) and (b) are correct.
• Key Takeaway: Privatization and rigid quotas present major challenges, while personalization and innovation provide viable solutions in higher education.