कोरडवाहू शेतीमधील प्रश्न :
(a) मान्सूनचे उशिरा आगमन आणि लवकर गमन/परतावा.
(b) पीक कालावधीमध्ये खंडित पर्जन्यवृष्टी/कोरडा कालावधी.
(c) मातीची कमी जलधारण शक्ती.
(d) जमिनीची हलकी/निकृष्ट सुपीकता.
(e) प्रगत तंत्रज्ञान आणि विकासाभिमुख दृष्टिकोन याची कमतरता.
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option C ((a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) correct).

Key Points:
• Agronomy - Challenges of Dryland and Rainfed Farming in India:
• Climatic Constraints:
• Aberrant monsoon behavior including late arrival and premature cessation (early withdrawal) of rains -> (a).
• Prolonged intermittent dry spells during critical vegetative/reproductive crop growth stages -> (b).
• Soil & Edaphic Constraints:
• Low moisture-holding capacity in degraded, shallow, or undulating soils -> (c).
• Multi-nutrient deficiencies and low organic matter causing poor soil fertility -> (d).
• Socio-Economic & Technological Barriers:
• Inadequate access to customized dryland farm mechanization, drought-hardy seeds, micro-credit, and risk-mitigating infrastructure -> (e).
• All five listed factors (a, b, c, d, e) represent genuine constraints of dryland farming (Option 3).
• Key Takeaway: Dryland agriculture is constrained by erratic rainfall, prolonged dry spells, low soil moisture holding capacity, poor fertility, and technological limits.