नवीन आर्थिक धोरणापासून कोणत्या उद्योगांमधील निर्गुतवणूक वाढत चालली आहे ?

The correct answer is Option A (Government).

Key Points:
• Disinvestment (निर्गुंतवणूक) technically refers to the dilution or sale of government-held equity shares in public sector enterprises (PSUs / सरकारी उद्योग) to the public, institutional investors, or strategic private buyers.
• Prior to 1991, the state maintained extensive ownership and monopolistic presence across manufacturing, services, and utilities.
• Following the New Economic Policy of 1991, the central government systematically initiated disinvestment in government/public sector industries to mobilize non-debt capital receipts, improve enterprise efficiency, and reduce budgetary support to loss-making units.
• In 1999, the Ministry of Disinvestment was established (later Department of Disinvestment, now DIPAM under the Ministry of Finance) to manage public sector equity sales.
• The official MPSC final answer key confirms Option 1 (Government).
• Key Takeaway: Since the 1991 economic reforms, disinvestment has steadily grown in government-owned public sector enterprises.