मागील काही वर्षात देशातील एकूण सकल उत्पादनाच्या तुलनेत भांडवली खर्चाचा टक्का

The correct answer is Option A (falling continuously).

Key Points:
• In Indian public expenditure, Capital Expenditure (भांडवली खर्च) reflects state investment in durable economic and social infrastructure (roads, railways, power, dams, and machinery).
• During the 1980s, capital expenditure hovered around 5% to 6% of GDP.
• However, throughout the 1990s and 2000s, growing non-discretionary revenue commitments (salaries, pensions, mounting interest payments, and fertilizer/fuel/food subsidies) severely crowded out public capital formation.
• To comply with the FRBM Act deficit targets, successive governments repeatedly curtailed capital outlays, causing capital expenditure as a proportion of GDP to slide steadily below 2% to 2.5% during the decade leading up to 2011.
• Hence, capital expenditure as a percentage of GDP was falling continuously (Option 1), as confirmed by the official MPSC answer key.
• Key Takeaway: Driven by rising revenue expenditure on salaries and subsidies, capital expenditure as a share of GDP fell continuously over that period.