73 व्या घटनादुरुस्ती कायद्याची खालीलपैकी कोणती तरतूद (वैशिष्ट्य) ऐच्छिक आहे ?
(1) ग्रामसभा स्थापन करणे
(2) सर्व स्तरांवर सर्व जागेवर प्रत्यक्ष निवडणूका
(3) निवडणूक लढविण्यासाठी किमान वय 21 वर्षे
(4) पंचायत राज संस्थांना स्वायत्त बनविणे

The correct answer is Option D (Making Panchayat Raj as autonomous bodies.).

Key Points:
• Compulsory vs. Voluntary Provisions of the 73rd Amendment Act, 1992:
• Compulsory (Mandatory) Provisions (binding on all state legislatures):
• Establishing Gram Sabha in every village (Article 243A).
• Direct elections to all seats at all three tiers (Article 243C(2)).
• 21 years as minimum age for contesting panchayat elections (Article 243F(1)(a)).
• Reservations for SC/STs and 1/3rd for women; State Election Commission; State Finance Commission.
• Voluntary Provisions (discretionary for state legislatures):
• Devolving powers and authority to enable Panchayats to function as autonomous institutions of self-government (Article 243G).
• Representation of MPs/MLAs in Panchayats.
• Reservation for OBCs; financial powers to levy and collect taxes.
• Making Panchayati Raj institutions autonomous bodies is a voluntary provision (Option 4).
• Key Takeaway: Devolving powers to make Panchayats autonomous self-governing bodies is a voluntary provision under Article 243G.