खालीलपैकी कोणते घटक शिक्षणाच्या खाजगीकरणास कारणीभूत आहेत ?
(a) स्पर्धात्मक कार्यक्षमतेची गरज
(b) सामाजिक न्यायाची गरज
(c) लोकसंख्येतील वाढ
(d) सरकारवरील आर्थिक बोजा
योग्य पर्याय :

The correct answer is Option B ((a), (c) and (d)).

Key Points:
• The privatization of education involves the transfer of educational activities, institutions, and services from public management to private ownership and control.
• Major drivers responsible for privatization:
• 1. Financial burden on government (d): Rapid fiscal constraints make it difficult for the state to fund universities, technical institutions, and specialized colleges single-handedly.
• 2. Growth in population (c): Explosive demographic expansion generates enormous student enrolment pressure exceeding state infrastructure.
• 3. Need for competitive efficiency (a): Demand for modern industry-driven curriculum, better infrastructure, and global competitiveness.
• Need for Social justice (b) is primarily achieved through state intervention, public schooling, and affirmative action quotas; unregulated privatization often threatens social equity due to high fees.
• Therefore, the factors driving privatization are (a), (c), and (d).
• Key Takeaway: Privatization of education is primarily driven by population growth, financial constraints on the state, and the need for efficiency.