योग्य कथने ओळखा.
(a) भारतीय संविधानाचे अनुच्छेद 17 हे अस्पृश्यता निर्मूलनाशी संबंधित आहे.
(b) अस्पृश्यता गुन्हे अधिनियम जून 1955 पासून अंमलात आला.
(c) 1976 मध्ये अस्पृश्यता (गुन्हे) अधिनियमाचे नांव नागरी हक्क सुरक्षा कायदा असे बदलविण्यात आले.
पर्यायी उत्तरे :

The correct answer is Option D (All of the above).

Key Points:
• Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes "Untouchability" and forbids its practice in any form. The enforcement of any disability arising out of untouchability is an offence punishable in accordance with law.
• To give effect to Article 17, Parliament enacted the Untouchability (Offences) Act, 1955, which came into force on 1st June 1955.
• In 1976, through comprehensive amendments, this act was substantially overhauled to make penalties more stringent and was renamed as the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 (नागरी हक्क संरक्षण कायदा).
• The word 'Untouchability' is neither defined in the Constitution nor in the Act; the Mysore High Court in *Devarajiah v. Padmanna* clarified that it refers to historical social practice rather than literal isolation.
• Key Takeaway: Article 17 abolished untouchability; the 1955 Act enforcing it was renamed the Protection of Civil Rights Act in 1976.